source: framspy/FramsticksCLI.py @ 1013

Last change on this file since 1013 was 1013, checked in by Maciej Komosinski, 4 years ago

Turned off echo for communication under Windows; implemented sendDirectCommand() for sending any commands and getting their output

File size: 15.0 KB
Line 
1from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, check_output
2from enum import Enum
3from typing import List  # to be able to specify a type hint of list(something)
4from itertools import count  # for tracking multiple instances
5import json
6import sys, os
7import argparse
8import numpy as np
9
10
11class FramsticksCLI:
12        """Runs Framsticks CLI (command-line) executable and communicates with it using standard input and output.
13        You can perform basic operations like mutation, crossover, and evaluation of genotypes.
14        This way you can perform evolution controlled by python as well as access and manipulate genotypes.
15        You can even design and use in evolution your own genetic representation implemented entirely in python.
16
17        You need to provide one or two parameters when you run this class: the path to Framsticks CLI
18        and the name of the Framsticks CLI executable (if it is non-standard). See::
19                FramsticksCLI.py -h"""
20
21        PRINT_FRAMSTICKS_OUTPUT: bool = False  # set to True for debugging
22        DETERMINISTIC: bool = False  # set to True to have the same results on each run
23
24        GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT = Enum('GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT', 'NATIVEFRAMS RAWGENO')  # how to save genotypes
25        OUTPUT_DIR = "scripts_output"
26        STDOUT_ENDOPER_MARKER = "FileObject.write"  # we look for this message on Framsticks CLI stdout to detect when Framsticks created a file with the result we expect
27
28        FILE_PREFIX = 'framspy_'
29
30        RANDOMIZE_CMD = "Math.randomize();"
31        SETEXPEDEF_CMD = "Simulator.expdef=\"standard-eval\";"
32        GETSIMPLEST_CMD = "getsimplest"
33        GETSIMPLEST_FILE = "simplest.gen"
34        EVALUATE_CMD = "evaluate eval-allcriteria.sim"
35        EVALUATE_FILE = "genos_eval.json"
36        CROSSOVER_CMD = "crossover"
37        CROSSOVER_FILE = "child.gen"
38        DISSIMIL_CMD = "dissimil"
39        DISSIMIL_FILE = "dissimilarity_matrix.gen"
40        ISVALID_CMD = "isvalid"
41        ISVALID_FILE = "validity.gen"
42        MUTATE_CMD = "mutate"
43        MUTATE_FILE = "mutant.gen"
44
45        CLI_INPUT_FILE = "genotypes.gen"
46
47        _next_instance_id = count(0)  # "static" counter incremented when a new instance is created. Used to ensure unique filenames for each instance.
48
49
50        def __init__(self, framspath, framsexe, pid=""):
51                self.pid = pid if pid is not None else ""
52                self.id = next(FramsticksCLI._next_instance_id)
53                self.frams_path = framspath
54                self.frams_exe = framsexe if framsexe is not None else 'frams.exe' if os.name == "nt" else 'frams.linux'
55                self.writing_path = None
56                mainpath = os.path.join(self.frams_path, self.frams_exe)
57                exe_call = [mainpath, '-Q', '-s', '-c', '-icliutils.ini']  # -c will be ignored in Windows Framsticks (this option is meaningless because the Windows version does not support color console, so no need to deactivate this feature using -c)
58                exe_call_to_get_version = [mainpath, '-V']
59                exe_call_to_get_path = [mainpath, '-?']
60                try:
61                        print("\n".join(self.__readAllOutput(exe_call_to_get_version)))
62                        help = self.__readAllOutput(exe_call_to_get_path)
63                        for helpline in help:
64                                if 'dDIRECTORY' in helpline:
65                                        self.writing_path = helpline.split("'")[1]
66                except FileNotFoundError:
67                        print("Could not find Framsticks executable ('%s') in the given location ('%s')." % (self.frams_exe, self.frams_path))
68                        sys.exit(1)
69                print("Temporary files with results will be saved in detected writable working directory '%s'" % self.writing_path)
70                self.__spawnFramsticksCLI(exe_call)
71
72
73        def __readAllOutput(self, command):
74                frams_process = Popen(command, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, stdin=PIPE)
75                return [line.decode('utf-8').rstrip() for line in iter(frams_process.stdout.readlines())]
76
77
78        def __spawnFramsticksCLI(self, args):
79                # the child app (Framsticks CLI) should not buffer outputs and we need to immediately read its stdout, hence we use pexpect/wexpect
80                print('Spawning Framsticks CLI for continuous stdin/stdout communication... ', end='')
81                if os.name == "nt":  # Windows:
82                        import wexpect  # https://pypi.org/project/wexpect/
83                        # https://github.com/raczben/wexpect/tree/master/examples
84                        self.child = wexpect.spawn(' '.join(args))
85                else:
86                        import pexpect  # https://pexpect.readthedocs.io/en/stable/
87                        self.child = pexpect.spawn(' '.join(args))
88                self.child.setecho(False)  # ask the communication to not copy to stdout what we write to stdin
89                print('OK.')
90
91                self.__readFromFramsCLIUntil("UserScripts.autoload")
92                print('Performing a basic test 1/3... ', end='')
93                assert self.getSimplest("1") == "X"
94                print('OK.')
95                print('Performing a basic test 2/3... ', end='')
96                assert self.isValid("X[0:0]") is True
97                print('OK.')
98                print('Performing a basic test 3/3... ', end='')
99                assert self.isValid("X[0:0],") is False
100                print('OK.')
101                if not self.DETERMINISTIC:
102                        self.sendDirectCommand(self.RANDOMIZE_CMD)
103                self.sendDirectCommand(self.SETEXPEDEF_CMD)
104
105
106        def closeFramsticksCLI(self):
107                # End gracefully by sending end-of-file character: ^Z or ^D
108                # Without the -Q argument ("quiet mode"), Framsticks CLI would print "Shell closed." for goodbye.
109                self.child.sendline(chr(26 if os.name == "nt" else 4))
110
111
112        def __getPrefixedFilename(self, filename: str) -> str:
113                # Returns filename with unique instance id appended so there is no clash when many instances of this class use the same Framsticks CLI executable
114                return FramsticksCLI.FILE_PREFIX + self.pid + str(chr(ord('A') + self.id)) + '_' + filename
115
116
117        def __saveGenotypeToFile(self, genotype, name, mode, saveformat):
118                relname = self.__getPrefixedFilename(name)
119                absname = os.path.join(self.writing_path, relname)
120                if mode == 'd':  # special mode, 'delete'
121                        if os.path.exists(absname):
122                                os.remove(absname)
123                else:
124                        outfile = open(absname, mode)
125                        if saveformat == self.GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT["RAWGENO"]:
126                                outfile.write(genotype)
127                        else:
128                                outfile.write("org:\n")
129                                outfile.write("genotype:~\n")
130                                outfile.write(genotype + "~\n\n")  # TODO proper quoting of special characters in genotype...
131                        outfile.close()
132                return relname, absname
133
134
135        def __readFromFramsCLIUntil(self, until_marker: str) -> str:
136                output = ""
137                while True:
138                        self.child.expect('\r\n' if os.name == "nt" else '\n')
139                        msg = str(self.child.before)
140                        if self.PRINT_FRAMSTICKS_OUTPUT or msg.startswith("[ERROR]"):
141                                print(msg)
142                        if until_marker in msg:
143                                break
144                        else:
145                                output += msg + '\n'
146                return output
147
148
149        def __runCommand(self, command, genotypes, result_file_name, saveformat) -> List[str]:
150                filenames_rel = []  # list of file names with input data for the command
151                filenames_abs = []  # same list but absolute paths actually used
152                if saveformat == self.GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT["RAWGENO"]:
153                        for i in range(len(genotypes)):
154                                # plain text format = must have a separate file for each genotype
155                                rel, abs = self.__saveGenotypeToFile(genotypes[i], "genotype" + str(i) + ".gen", "w", self.GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT["RAWGENO"])
156                                filenames_rel.append(rel)
157                                filenames_abs.append(abs)
158                elif saveformat == self.GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT["NATIVEFRAMS"]:
159                        self.__saveGenotypeToFile(None, self.CLI_INPUT_FILE, 'd', None)  # 'd'elete: ensure there is nothing left from the last run of the program because we "a"ppend to file in the loop below
160                        for i in range(len(genotypes)):
161                                rel, abs = self.__saveGenotypeToFile(genotypes[i], self.CLI_INPUT_FILE, "a", self.GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT["NATIVEFRAMS"])
162                        #  since we use the same file in the loop above, add this file only once (i.e., outside of the loop)
163                        filenames_rel.append(rel)
164                        filenames_abs.append(abs)
165
166                result_file_name = self.__getPrefixedFilename(result_file_name)
167                cmd = command + " " + " ".join(filenames_rel) + " " + result_file_name
168                self.child.sendline(cmd)
169                self.__readFromFramsCLIUntil(self.STDOUT_ENDOPER_MARKER)
170                filenames_abs.append(os.path.join(self.writing_path, self.OUTPUT_DIR, result_file_name))
171                return filenames_abs  # last element is a path to the file containing results
172
173
174        def __cleanUpCommandResults(self, filenames):
175                """Deletes files with results just created by the command."""
176                for name in filenames:
177                        os.remove(name)
178
179
180        sendDirectCommand_counter = count(0)  # an internal counter for the sendDirectCommand() method; should be static within that method but python does not allow
181
182
183        def sendDirectCommand(self, command: str) -> str:
184                """Sends any command to Framsticks CLI. Use when you know Framsticks and its scripting language, Framscript."""
185                self.child.sendline(command.strip())
186                next(FramsticksCLI.sendDirectCommand_counter)
187                STDOUT_ENDOPER_MARKER = "uniqe-marker-" + str(FramsticksCLI.sendDirectCommand_counter)
188                self.child.sendline("Simulator.print(\"%s\");" % STDOUT_ENDOPER_MARKER)
189                return self.__readFromFramsCLIUntil(STDOUT_ENDOPER_MARKER)
190
191
192        def getSimplest(self, genetic_format) -> str:
193                assert len(genetic_format) == 1, "Genetic format should be a single character"
194                files = self.__runCommand(self.GETSIMPLEST_CMD + " " + genetic_format + " ", [], self.GETSIMPLEST_FILE, self.GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT["RAWGENO"])
195                with open(files[-1]) as f:
196                        genotype = "".join(f.readlines())
197                self.__cleanUpCommandResults(files)
198                return genotype
199
200
201        def evaluate(self, genotype: str):
202                """
203                Returns:
204                        Dictionary -- genotype evaluated with self.EVALUATE_COMMAND. Note that for whatever reason (e.g. incorrect genotype),
205                        the dictionary you will get may be empty or partially empty and may not have the fields you expected, so handle such cases properly.
206                """
207                files = self.__runCommand(self.EVALUATE_CMD, [genotype], self.EVALUATE_FILE, self.GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT["NATIVEFRAMS"])
208                with open(files[-1]) as f:
209                        data = json.load(f)
210                if len(data) > 0:
211                        self.__cleanUpCommandResults(files)
212                        return data
213                else:
214                        print("Evaluating genotype: no performance data was returned in", self.EVALUATE_FILE)  # we do not delete files here
215                        return None
216
217
218        def mutate(self, genotype: str) -> str:
219                """
220                Returns:
221                        The genotype of the mutated individual. Empty string if the mutation failed.
222                """
223                files = self.__runCommand(self.MUTATE_CMD, [genotype], self.MUTATE_FILE, self.GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT["RAWGENO"])
224                with open(files[-1]) as f:
225                        newgenotype = "".join(f.readlines())
226                self.__cleanUpCommandResults(files)
227                return newgenotype
228
229
230        def crossOver(self, genotype_parent1: str, genotype_parent2: str) -> str:
231                """
232                Returns:
233                        The genotype of the offspring. Empty string if the crossing over failed.
234                """
235                files = self.__runCommand(self.CROSSOVER_CMD, [genotype_parent1, genotype_parent2], self.CROSSOVER_FILE, self.GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT["RAWGENO"])
236                with open(files[-1]) as f:
237                        child_genotype = "".join(f.readlines())
238                self.__cleanUpCommandResults(files)
239                return child_genotype
240
241
242        def dissimilarity(self, genotype_list: List[str]) -> np.ndarray:
243                """
244                Returns:
245                        A square array with dissimilarities of each pair of genotypes.
246                """
247                files = self.__runCommand(self.DISSIMIL_CMD, genotype_list, self.DISSIMIL_FILE, self.GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT["NATIVEFRAMS"])
248                with open(files[-1]) as f:
249                        dissimilarity_matrix = np.genfromtxt(f, dtype=np.float64, comments='#', encoding=None, delimiter='\t')
250                # We would like to skip column #1 while reading and read everything else, but... https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36091686/exclude-columns-from-genfromtxt-with-numpy
251                # This would be too complicated, so strings (names) in column #1 become NaN as floats (unless they accidentally are valid numbers) - not great, not terrible
252                square_matrix = dissimilarity_matrix[:, 2:]  # get rid of two first columns (fitness and name)
253                EXPECTED_SHAPE = (len(genotype_list), len(genotype_list))
254                # print(square_matrix)
255                assert square_matrix.shape == EXPECTED_SHAPE, f"Not a correct dissimilarity matrix, expected {EXPECTED_SHAPE} "
256                for i in range(len(square_matrix)):
257                        assert square_matrix[i][i] == 0, "Not a correct dissimilarity matrix, diagonal expected to be 0"
258                assert (square_matrix == square_matrix.T).all(), "Probably not a correct dissimilarity matrix, expecting symmetry, verify this"
259                self.__cleanUpCommandResults(files)
260                return square_matrix
261
262
263        def isValid(self, genotype: str) -> bool:
264                files = self.__runCommand(self.ISVALID_CMD, [genotype], self.ISVALID_FILE, self.GENO_SAVE_FILE_FORMAT["RAWGENO"])
265                with open(files[-1]) as f:
266                        valid = f.readline() == "1"
267                self.__cleanUpCommandResults(files)
268                return valid
269
270
271def parseArguments():
272        parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Run this program with "python -u %s" if you want to disable buffering of its output.' % sys.argv[0])
273        parser.add_argument('-path', type=ensureDir, required=True, help='Path to Framsticks CLI without trailing slash.')
274        parser.add_argument('-exe', required=False, help='Executable name. If not given, "frams.exe" or "frams.linux" is assumed.')
275        parser.add_argument('-genformat', required=False, help='Genetic format for the demo run, for example 4, 9, or S. If not given, f1 is assumed.')
276        parser.add_argument('-pid', required=False, help='Unique ID of this process. Only relevant when you run multiple instances of this class simultaneously but as separate processes, and they use the same Framsticks CLI executable. This value will be appended to the names of created files to avoid conflicts.')
277        return parser.parse_args()
278
279
280def ensureDir(string):
281        if os.path.isdir(string):
282                return string
283        else:
284                raise NotADirectoryError(string)
285
286
287if __name__ == "__main__":
288        # A demo run.
289
290        # TODO ideas:
291        # - check_validity with three levels (invalid, corrected, valid)
292        # - "vectorize" some operations (isvalid, evaluate) so that a number of genotypes is handled in one call
293        # - use threads for non-blocking reading from frams' stdout and thus not relying on specific strings printed by frams
294        # - a pool of binaries run at the same time, balance load - in particular evaluation
295        # - if we read genotypes in "org:" format anywhere: import https://pypi.org/project/framsreader/0.1.2/ and use it if successful,
296        #    if not then print a message "framsreader not available, using simple internal method to save a genotype" and proceed as it is now.
297        #    So far we don't read, but we should use the proper writer to handle all special cases like quoting etc.
298
299        parsed_args = parseArguments()
300        framsCLI = FramsticksCLI(parsed_args.path, parsed_args.exe, parsed_args.pid)
301
302        print("Sending a direct command to Framsticks CLI that calculates \"4\"+2 yields", repr(framsCLI.sendDirectCommand("Simulator.print(\"4\"+2);")))
303
304        simplest = framsCLI.getSimplest('1' if parsed_args.genformat is None else parsed_args.genformat)
305        print("\tSimplest genotype:", simplest)
306        parent1 = framsCLI.mutate(simplest)
307        parent2 = parent1
308        MUTATE_COUNT = 10
309        for x in range(MUTATE_COUNT):  # example of a chain of 20 mutations
310                parent2 = framsCLI.mutate(parent2)
311        print("\tParent1 (mutated simplest):", parent1)
312        print("\tParent2 (Parent1 mutated %d times):" % MUTATE_COUNT, parent2)
313        offspring = framsCLI.crossOver(parent1, parent2)
314        print("\tCrossover (Offspring):", offspring)
315        print('\tDissimilarity of Parent1 and Offspring:', framsCLI.dissimilarity([parent1, offspring])[0, 1])
316        print('\tPerformance of Offspring:', framsCLI.evaluate(offspring))
317        print('\tValidity of Offspring:', framsCLI.isValid(offspring))
318
319        framsCLI.closeFramsticksCLI()
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