source: cpp/frams/genetics/genooperators.cpp @ 1236

// This file is a part of Framsticks SDK.  http://www.framsticks.com/
// Copyright (C) 1999-2023  Maciej Komosinski and Szymon Ulatowski.
// See LICENSE.txt for details.

#include <ctype.h>  //isupper()
#include "genooperators.h"
#include <common/log.h>
#include <common/nonstd_math.h>
#include <frams/util/rndutil.h>
#include <algorithm> // std::min, std::max

//
// custom distributions for mutations of various parameters
//
static double distrib_force[] =   // for '!'
{
        3,             // distribution 0 -__/ +1
        0.001, 0.2,    // "slow" neurons
        0.001, 1,
        1, 1,          // "fast" neurons
};
static double distrib_inertia[] =  // for '='
{
        2,             // distribution 0 |..- +1
        0, 0,          // "fast" neurons
        0.7, 0.98,
};
static double distrib_sigmo[] =  // for '/'
{
        5,             // distribution -999 -..-^-..- +999
        -999, -999,    //"perceptron"
        999, 999,
        -5, -1,        // nonlinear
        1, 5,
        -1, 1,         // ~linear
};
/*
static double distrib_weight[] =
{
5,                 // distribution -999 _-^_^-_ +999
-999, 999,         // each weight value may be useful, especially...
-5, -0.3,          // ...little non-zero values
-3, -0.6,
0.6, 3,
0.3, 5,
};
*/

int GenoOperators::roulette(const double *probtab, const int count)
{
        double sum = 0;
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) sum += probtab[i];
        double sel = rndDouble(sum);
        for (sum = 0, i = 0; i < count; i++) { sum += probtab[i]; if (sel < sum) return i; }
        return -1;
}

bool GenoOperators::getMinMaxDef(ParamInterface *p, int i, double &mn, double &mx, double &def)
{
        mn = mx = def = 0;
        int defined = 0;
        if (p->type(i)[0] == 'f')
        {
                double _mn = 0, _mx = 1, _def = 0.5;
                defined = p->getMinMaxDouble(i, _mn, _mx, _def);
                if (defined == 1) _mx = _mn + 1000.0; //only min was defined, so let's set some arbitrary range, just to have some freedom. Assumes _mn is not close to maxdouble...
                if (_mx < _mn && defined == 3) //only default was defined, so let's assume some arbitrary range. Again, no check for min/maxdouble...
                {
                        _mn = _def - 500.0;
                        _mx = _def + 500.0;
                }
                if (defined < 3) _def = (_mn + _mx) / 2.0;
                mn = _mn; mx = _mx; def = _def;
        }
        if (p->type(i)[0] == 'd')
        {
                paInt _mn = 0, _mx = 1, _def = 0;
                defined = p->getMinMaxInt(i, _mn, _mx, _def);
                if (defined == 1) _mx = _mn + 1000; //only min was defined, so let's set some arbitrary range, just to have some freedom. Assumes _mn is not close to maxint...
                if (_mx < _mn && defined == 3) //only default was defined, so let's assume some arbitrary range. Again, no check for min/maxint...
                {
                        _mn = _def - 500;
                        _mx = _def + 500;
                }
                if (defined < 3) _def = (_mn + _mx) / 2;
                mn = _mn; mx = _mx; def = _def;
        }
        return defined == 3;
}

bool GenoOperators::mutateRandomNeuroClassProperty(Neuro* n)
{
        bool mutated = false;
        int prop = selectRandomNeuroClassProperty(n);
        if (prop >= 0)
        {
                if (prop >= GenoOperators::NEUROCLASS_PROP_OFFSET)
                {
                        SyntParam par = n->classProperties();   //commits changes when this object is destroyed
                        mutated = mutateProperty(par, prop - GenoOperators::NEUROCLASS_PROP_OFFSET);
                }
                else
                {
                        Param par = n->extraProperties();
                        mutated = mutateProperty(par, prop);
                }
        }
        return mutated;
}

int GenoOperators::selectRandomNeuroClassProperty(Neuro *n)
{
        int neuext = n->extraProperties().getPropCount(),
                neucls = n->getClass() == NULL ? 0 : n->getClass()->getProperties().getPropCount();
        if (neuext + neucls == 0) return -1; //no properties in this neuron
        int index = rndUint(neuext + neucls);
        if (index >= neuext) index = index - neuext + NEUROCLASS_PROP_OFFSET;
        return index;
}

double GenoOperators::getMutatedNeuroClassProperty(double current, Neuro *n, int i)
{
        if (i == -1)
        {
                logPrintf("GenoOperators", "getMutatedNeuroClassProperty", LOG_WARN, "Deprecated usage in C++ source: to mutate connection weight, use getMutatedNeuronConnectionWeight().");
                return getMutatedNeuronConnectionWeight(current);
        }
        Param p;
        if (i >= NEUROCLASS_PROP_OFFSET) { i -= NEUROCLASS_PROP_OFFSET; p = n->getClass()->getProperties(); }
        else p = n->extraProperties();
        double newval = current;
        /*bool ok=*/getMutatedProperty(p, i, current, newval);
        return newval;
}

double GenoOperators::getMutatedNeuronConnectionWeight(double current)
{
        return mutateCreepNoLimit('f', current, 2, true);
}

bool GenoOperators::mutatePropertyNaive(ParamInterface &p, int i)
{
        double mn, mx, df;
        if (p.type(i)[0] != 'f' && p.type(i)[0] != 'd') return false; //don't know how to mutate
        getMinMaxDef(&p, i, mn, mx, df);

        ExtValue ev;
        p.get(i, ev);
        ev.setDouble(mutateCreep(p.type(i)[0], ev.getDouble(), mn, mx, true));
        p.set(i, ev);
        return true;
}

bool GenoOperators::mutateProperty(ParamInterface &p, int i)
{
        double newval;
        ExtValue ev;
        p.get(i, ev);
        bool ok = getMutatedProperty(p, i, ev.getDouble(), newval);
        if (ok) { ev.setDouble(newval); p.set(i, ev); }
        return ok;
}

bool GenoOperators::getMutatedProperty(ParamInterface &p, int i, double oldval, double &newval)
{
        newval = 0;
        if (p.type(i)[0] != 'f' && p.type(i)[0] != 'd') return false; //don't know how to mutate
        const char *n = p.id(i), *na = p.name(i);
        if (strcmp(n, "si") == 0 && strcmp(na, "Sigmoid") == 0) newval = round(CustomRnd(distrib_sigmo), 3); else
                if (strcmp(n, "in") == 0 && strcmp(na, "Inertia") == 0) newval = round(CustomRnd(distrib_inertia), 3); else
                        if (strcmp(n, "fo") == 0 && strcmp(na, "Force") == 0) newval = round(CustomRnd(distrib_force), 3); else
                        {
                                double mn, mx, df;
                                getMinMaxDef(&p, i, mn, mx, df);
                                newval = mutateCreep(p.type(i)[0], oldval, mn, mx, true);
                        }
        return true;
}

double GenoOperators::mutateCreepNoLimit(char type, double current, double stddev, bool limit_precision_3digits)
{
        double result = RndGen.Gauss(current, stddev);
        if (type == 'd')
        {
                result = int(result + 0.5);
                if (result == current) result += rndUint(2) * 2 - 1; //force some change
        }
        else
        {
                if (limit_precision_3digits)
                        result = round(result, 3);
        }
        return result;
}

double GenoOperators::mutateCreep(char type, double current, double mn, double mx, double stddev, bool limit_precision_3digits)
{
        double result = mutateCreepNoLimit(type, current, stddev, limit_precision_3digits);
        if (result<mn || result>mx) //exceeds boundary, so bring to the allowed range
        {
                //reflect:
                if (result > mx) result = mx - (result - mx); else
                        if (result < mn) result = mn + (mn - result);
                //wrap (just in case 'result' exceeded the allowed range so much that after reflection above it exceeded the other boundary):
                if (result > mx) result = mn + fmod(result - mx, mx - mn); else
                        if (result < mn) result = mn + fmod(mn - result, mx - mn);
                if (limit_precision_3digits)
                {
                        //reflect and wrap above may have changed the (limited) precision, so try to round again (maybe unnecessarily, because we don't know if reflect+wrap above were triggered)
                        double result_try = round(result, 3);
                        if (mn <= result_try && result_try <= mx) result = result_try; //after rounding still witin allowed range, so keep rounded value
                }
        }
        return result;
}

double GenoOperators::mutateCreep(char type, double current, double mn, double mx, bool limit_precision_3digits)
{
        double stddev = (mx - mn) / 2 / 5; // magic arbitrary formula for stddev, which becomes /halfinterval, 5 times narrower
        return mutateCreep(type, current, mn, mx, stddev, limit_precision_3digits);
}

void GenoOperators::setIntFromDoubleWithProbabilisticDithering(ParamInterface &p, int index, double value) //TODO
{
        p.setInt(index, (paInt)(value + 0.5)); //TODO value=2.499 will result in 2 and 2.5 will result in 3, but we want these cases to be 2 or 3 with almost equal probability. value=2.1 should be mostly 2, rarely 3. Careful with negative values (test it!)
}

void GenoOperators::linearMix(vector<double> &p1, vector<double> &p2, double proportion)
{
        if (p1.size() != p2.size())
        {
                logPrintf("GenoOperators", "linearMix", LOG_ERROR, "Cannot mix vectors of different length (%d and %d)", p1.size(), p2.size());
                return;
        }
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < p1.size(); i++)
        {
                double v1 = p1[i];
                double v2 = p2[i];
                p1[i] = v1 * proportion + v2 * (1 - proportion);
                p2[i] = v2 * proportion + v1 * (1 - proportion);
        }
}

void GenoOperators::linearMix(ParamInterface &p1, int i1, ParamInterface &p2, int i2, double proportion)
{
        char type1 = p1.type(i1)[0];
        char type2 = p2.type(i2)[0];
        if (type1 == 'f' && type2 == 'f')
        {
                double v1 = p1.getDouble(i1);
                double v2 = p2.getDouble(i2);
                p1.setDouble(i1, v1 * proportion + v2 * (1 - proportion));
                p2.setDouble(i2, v2 * proportion + v1 * (1 - proportion));
        }
        else
                if (type1 == 'd' && type2 == 'd')
                {
                        int v1 = p1.getInt(i1);
                        int v2 = p2.getInt(i2);
                        setIntFromDoubleWithProbabilisticDithering(p1, i1, v1 * proportion + v2 * (1 - proportion));
                        setIntFromDoubleWithProbabilisticDithering(p2, i2, v2 * proportion + v1 * (1 - proportion));
                }
                else
                        logPrintf("GenoOperators", "linearMix", LOG_WARN, "Cannot mix values of types '%c' and '%c'", type1, type2);
}

int GenoOperators::getActiveNeuroClassCount(Model::ShapeType for_shape_type)
{
        int count = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < Neuro::getClassCount(); i++)
        {
                NeuroClass *nc = Neuro::getClass(i);
                if (nc->isShapeTypeSupported(for_shape_type) && nc->genactive)
                        count++;
        }
        return count;
}

NeuroClass *GenoOperators::getRandomNeuroClass(Model::ShapeType for_shape_type)
{
        vector<NeuroClass *> active;
        for (int i = 0; i < Neuro::getClassCount(); i++)
        {
                NeuroClass *nc = Neuro::getClass(i);
                if (nc->isShapeTypeSupported(for_shape_type) && nc->genactive)
                        active.push_back(nc);
        }
        if (active.size() == 0) return NULL; else return active[rndUint(active.size())];
}

NeuroClass *GenoOperators::getRandomNeuroClassWithOutput(Model::ShapeType for_shape_type)
{
        vector<NeuroClass *> active;
        for (int i = 0; i < Neuro::getClassCount(); i++)
        {
                NeuroClass *nc = Neuro::getClass(i);
                if (nc->isShapeTypeSupported(for_shape_type) && nc->genactive && nc->getPreferredOutput() != 0)
                        active.push_back(nc);
        }
        if (active.size() == 0) return NULL; else return active[rndUint(active.size())];
}

NeuroClass *GenoOperators::getRandomNeuroClassWithInput(Model::ShapeType for_shape_type)
{
        vector<NeuroClass *> active;
        for (int i = 0; i < Neuro::getClassCount(); i++)
        {
                NeuroClass *nc = Neuro::getClass(i);
                if (nc->isShapeTypeSupported(for_shape_type) && nc->genactive && nc->getPreferredInputs() != 0)
                        active.push_back(nc);
        }
        if (active.size() == 0) return NULL; else return active[rndUint(active.size())];
}

NeuroClass *GenoOperators::getRandomNeuroClassWithOutputAndWantingNoInputs(Model::ShapeType for_shape_type)
{
        vector<NeuroClass *> active;
        for (int i = 0; i < Neuro::getClassCount(); i++)
        {
                NeuroClass *nc = Neuro::getClass(i);
                if (nc->isShapeTypeSupported(for_shape_type) && nc->genactive && nc->getPreferredOutput() != 0 && nc->getPreferredInputs() == 0)
                        active.push_back(nc);
        }
        if (active.size() == 0) return NULL; else return active[rndUint(active.size())];
}

NeuroClass *GenoOperators::getRandomNeuroClassWithOutputAndWantingNoOrAnyInputs(Model::ShapeType for_shape_type)
{
        vector<NeuroClass *> active;
        for (int i = 0; i < Neuro::getClassCount(); i++)
        {
                NeuroClass *nc = Neuro::getClass(i);
                if (nc->isShapeTypeSupported(for_shape_type) && nc->genactive && nc->getPreferredOutput() != 0 && nc->getPreferredInputs() <= 0) // getPreferredInputs() should be 0 or -1 (any)
                        active.push_back(nc);
        }
        if (active.size() == 0) return NULL; else return active[rndUint(active.size())];
}

int GenoOperators::getRandomNeuroClassWithOutput(const vector<NeuroClass *> &NClist)
{
        vector<int> allowed;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < NClist.size(); i++)
                if (NClist[i]->getPreferredOutput() != 0) //this NeuroClass provides output
                        allowed.push_back(i);
        if (allowed.size() == 0) return -1; else return allowed[rndUint(allowed.size())];
}

int GenoOperators::getRandomNeuroClassWithInput(const vector<NeuroClass *> &NClist)
{
        vector<int> allowed;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < NClist.size(); i++)
                if (NClist[i]->getPreferredInputs() != 0) //this NeuroClass wants one input connection or more                  
                        allowed.push_back(i);
        if (allowed.size() == 0) return -1; else return allowed[rndUint(allowed.size())];
}

NeuroClass *GenoOperators::parseNeuroClass(char *&s, ModelEnum::ShapeType for_shape_type)
{
        int maxlen = (int)strlen(s);
        int NClen = 0;
        NeuroClass *NC = NULL;
        for (int i = 0; i < Neuro::getClassCount(); i++)
        {
                NeuroClass *nci = Neuro::getClass(i);
                if (!nci->isShapeTypeSupported(for_shape_type))
                        continue;
                const char *nciname = nci->name.c_str();
                int ncinamelen = (int)strlen(nciname);
                if (maxlen >= ncinamelen && ncinamelen > NClen && (strncmp(s, nciname, ncinamelen) == 0))
                {
                        NC = nci;
                        NClen = ncinamelen;
                }
        }
        s += NClen;
        return NC;
}

Neuro *GenoOperators::findNeuro(const Model *m, const NeuroClass *nc)
{
        if (!m) return NULL;
        for (int i = 0; i < m->getNeuroCount(); i++)
                if (m->getNeuro(i)->getClass() == nc) return m->getNeuro(i);
        return NULL; //neuron of class 'nc' was not found
}

int GenoOperators::neuroClassProp(char *&s, NeuroClass *nc, bool also_v1_N_props)
{
        int len = (int)strlen(s);
        int Len = 0, I = -1;
        if (nc)
        {
                Param p = nc->getProperties();
                for (int i = 0; i < p.getPropCount(); i++)
                {
                        const char *n = p.id(i);
                        int l = (int)strlen(n);
                        if (len >= l && l > Len && (strncmp(s, n, l) == 0)) { I = NEUROCLASS_PROP_OFFSET + i; Len = l; }
                        if (also_v1_N_props) //recognize old symbols of properties:  /=!
                        {
                                if (strcmp(n, "si") == 0) n = "/"; else
                                        if (strcmp(n, "in") == 0) n = "="; else
                                                if (strcmp(n, "fo") == 0) n = "!";
                                l = (int)strlen(n);
                                if (len >= l && l > Len && (strncmp(s, n, l) == 0)) { I = NEUROCLASS_PROP_OFFSET + i; Len = l; }
                        }
                }
        }
        Neuro n;
        Param p = n.extraProperties();
        for (int i = 0; i < p.getPropCount(); i++)
        {
                const char *n = p.id(i);
                int l = (int)strlen(n);
                if (len >= l && l > Len && (strncmp(s, n, l) == 0)) { I = i; Len = l; }
        }
        s += Len;
        return I;
}

bool GenoOperators::canStartNeuroClassName(const char firstchar)
{
        return isupper(firstchar) || firstchar == '|' || firstchar == '@' || firstchar == '*';
}

bool GenoOperators::isWS(const char c)
{
        return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\t' || c == '\r';
}

void GenoOperators::skipWS(char *&s)
{
        if (s == NULL)
                logMessage("GenoOperators", "skipWS", LOG_WARN, "NULL reference!");
        else
                while (isWS(*s)) s++;
}

bool GenoOperators::areAlike(char *g1, char *g2)
{
        while (*g1 || *g2)
        {
                skipWS(g1);
                skipWS(g2);
                if (*g1 != *g2) return false; //when difference
                if (!*g1 && !*g2) break; //both end
                g1++;
                g2++;
        }
        return true; //equal
}

char *GenoOperators::strchrn0(const char *str, char ch)
{
        return ch == 0 ? NULL : strchr((char *)str, ch);
}

int GenoOperators::getRandomChar(const char *choices, const char *excluded)
{
        int allowed_count = 0;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < strlen(choices); i++) if (!strchrn0(excluded, choices[i])) allowed_count++;
        if (allowed_count == 0) return -1; //no char is allowed
        int rnd_index = rndUint(allowed_count) + 1;
        allowed_count = 0;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < strlen(choices); i++)
        {
                if (!strchrn0(excluded, choices[i])) allowed_count++;
                if (allowed_count == rnd_index) return int(i);
        }
        return -1; //never happens
}

//#include <cassert>
string GenoOperators::simplifiedModifiers(const char *str_of_char_pairs, vector<int> &char_counts)
{
//      assert(strlen(str_of_char_pairs) == char_counts.size());
//      assert(char_counts.size() % 2 == 0);
        const int MAX_NUMBER_SAME_TYPE = 8; // max. number of modifiers of each type = 8 (mainly for Rr)
        string simplified;
        //#define CLUMP_IDENTICAL_MODIFIERS //not good because properties are calculated incrementally, non-linearly, and their values are updated after each modifier character, so these values may for example saturate after a large number of identical modifier symbols. The order of modifiers is in general relevant and extreme values of properties increase this relevance, so better keep the modifiers dispersed.
#ifdef CLUMP_IDENTICAL_MODIFIERS
        for (size_t i = 0; i < strlen(str_of_char_pairs); i++)
                if ((i % 2) == 0) //only even index "i" in str_of_char_pairs
                        for (int j = 0; j < std::min(MAX_NUMBER_SAME_TYPE, abs(char_counts[i] - char_counts[i + 1])); j++) //assume that an even-index char and the following odd-index char have the opposite influence, so they cancel out.
                                simplified += str_of_char_pairs[i + (char_counts[i + 1] > char_counts[i])]; //inner loop adds a sequence of same chars such as rrrrr or QQQ
#else
        for (size_t i = 0; i < strlen(str_of_char_pairs); i++)
                if ((i % 2) == 0) //only even index "i" in str_of_char_pairs
                {
                        char_counts[i] -= char_counts[i + 1]; //from now on, even items in the vector store the difference between antagonistic modifier symbols; odd items are not needed
                        char_counts[i] = std::min(std::max(char_counts[i], -MAX_NUMBER_SAME_TYPE), MAX_NUMBER_SAME_TYPE);
                }
        int remaining;
        do {
                remaining = 0;
                for (size_t i = 0; i < strlen(str_of_char_pairs); i++)
                        if ((i % 2) == 0) //only even index "i" in str_of_char_pairs
                                if (char_counts[i] != 0)
                                {
                                        simplified += str_of_char_pairs[i + (char_counts[i] < 0)];
                                        char_counts[i] += char_counts[i] > 0 ? -1 : +1; //decrease the difference towards zero
                                        remaining += abs(char_counts[i]);
                                }
        } while (remaining > 0);
#endif
        return simplified;
}